How to care for an older cat at home

Cats hide discomfort very well, which means the changes of old age often go unnoticed. A cat is considered senior from around 10 or 11 years, and many live happily to 18 or 20. With a few adjustments at home and a little observation, you can help make this stage calm and comfortable.

Signs your cat is getting older

• Sleeps more and plays less.
• No longer climbs onto high furniture or hesitates before jumping.
• Grooms less: matted or flaky coat, especially on the back.
• Changes in appetite, weight or how much water they drink.
• Meows more, especially at night, or seems confused.
• Thicker, longer claws, because they use them less.

Hydration: the top priority

Cats naturally drink little, and with age the risk of kidney problems rises. To encourage drinking:

• Place several water bowls around the house, away from food and the litter tray.
• Use wide, shallow bowls so their whiskers do not touch the sides.
• Change the water daily; many cats prefer moving water.
• Include wet food in their diet.

If you notice them drinking much more than usual, tell your vet: it is an important sign.

An adapted diet

Some older cats lose weight and appetite; others gain weight as they move less. Ask your vet about a suitable senior diet and weigh your cat once a month. If they have dental problems, they may prefer wet food or smaller kibble. Offer small portions several times a day.

Medication without a struggle

Many older cats need daily medication, and giving a cat a pill can be a challenge. A pill shooter with a soft tip places the pill at the back of the tongue without using your fingers. Afterwards offer a little wet food or water so they swallow it properly, and always finish with a stroke or a treat.

An accessible litter tray

Arthritis is very common in older cats, although they rarely limp. That is why a high-sided tray can become an obstacle:

• Choose low-sided trays or ones with a lowered entrance.
• Put one on every floor, in quiet places.
• Use fine, soft litter for their paw pads.
• Clean it daily.

If they go outside the tray, do not scold them: it is usually pain or a urinary problem. Read more in incontinence in older dogs and cats.

Access to their favourite spots

Your cat will still want to look out of the window or sleep on the sofa. Help them with intermediate steps, a stool or a folding ramp so they do not have to jump. Put rugs on slippery floors and always keep their things in the same place.

Warmth and rest

Older cats feel the cold more. Give them a soft bed, like our plush memory foam bed, in a warm, draught-free corner, ideally in the sun. More ideas in how to choose a bed for an older pet.

Brushing and coat care

With age they groom less, especially on the back and hips. Gentle brushing a few times a week removes loose hair, reduces hairballs and lets you check the skin for lumps. The gloves in our Senior Care Pack are very comfortable for sensitive cats. Check their claws every two weeks too.

Gentle play and stimulation

Play is still important for their mind and weight. Choose short 5 to 10 minute sessions with slow toys that do not make them jump. Food games, such as hiding treats or using a lick mat, also stimulate them without physical effort.

Vet check-ups

From 10 years old, check-ups every six months with blood and urine tests are recommended. Many common conditions in older cats, such as kidney disease, hyperthyroidism or diabetes, are much easier to manage when caught early.

Prepare your home for their senses

With age they may lose sight or hearing. Avoid moving furniture, leave a dim light on at night and let them know you are there with your voice or soft footsteps before touching them, so you do not startle them while they sleep.

Patience and routine

Older cats appreciate calm: fixed schedules, few changes at home and a safe place to retreat to. With this care, your cat can enjoy many more years by your side.

Important: this article is for information only and does not replace a visit to your vet. If you notice changes in your cat's appetite, thirst, weight or behaviour, see a professional.